Surface Water

Featured Articles
October 11, 2022 In an effort to inform the general public, especially citizen activists, policymakers, researchers, and students, about the current status of the Vrishabhavathi river, Paani.Earth has created the necessary maps, data, analysis, and information to drive conservation awareness and action around the river.
Vrishabhavathi river (Image Source: Paani.Earth)
August 9, 2022 Ensuring irrigation through farm ponds in tribal Chhattisgarh
Many tribal farmers opted for individual farm ponds under MGNREGA ensuring protective irrigation. (Image: Meenakshi Singh)
November 8, 2020 The National Hydrology Project has created a national platform for water data and is working to enhance the technical capacities of agencies dealing with water resources management.
Breakthrough cloud computing facilities and remote sensing applications have helped showthe filling pattern of a water body (tank or reservoir) through freely available satellite imagery at an interval of five days.  (Image: Maithan dam, Wikimedia Commons)
December 26, 2019 Policy matters this week
The Mandovi river disputed between Karnataka and Goa (Source: IWP Flickr Photos)
The river boards act (1956)
The act empowers central government to establish a river board for regulation and development of inter-state rivers and river valleys Posted on 30 May, 2009 09:15 AM

The act to provide for the establishment of River Boards for the regulation and development of inter-state rivers and river valleys empowers the Central Government, on a request received in this behalf from a State Government or otherwise, by notification in the Official Gazette, to establish a River Board for advising the Governments interested in relation to such matters concerning the regulation or development of an inter-State river or river valley or any specified part thereof. 

The inter-state water disputes act (1956)
The act provides for adjudication of disputes relating to waters of inter-state rivers and river valleys Posted on 30 May, 2009 09:11 AM

If it appears to the Government of any State that a water dispute with the Government of another State has arisen or is likely to arise by reason of the fact that the interests of the State, or of any of the inhabitants thereof, in the waters of an inter-State river or river valley have been, or are likely to be, affected prejudicially it can request the Central Government under Section 3 of the Act to refer the water dispute to a Tribunal for adjudication.

Effect of climate change on water resources - a preliminary consolidated report by Central Water Commission and the National Institute of Hydrology
On of the first official government report of quantitative assessment of effects of climate change on water resources availability Posted on 28 May, 2009 01:12 PM

Climate change mapThis report on the Effect of Climate Change on Water Resources, prepared by the Central Water Commission and the National Institute of Hydrology, under the guidance of the Ministry of Water Resources in 2008, is one of the first official reports made available by the Government of India, of a reliable quantitative assessment based on field data, of the likely effect of climate change on the availability of water resources, i.e. on the glaciers and snow melt, on rainfall and their effect on run off into the river system and their contribution to ground water.

Use of GIS-based software for hydrological and water allocation modeling - Malaprabha river basin - Karnataka - Technical briefs from the India-PES collaborative project
Tools and methodologies developed by India-PES were tested in Malaprabha river basin, Karnataka, and PES implementation was focussed on participatory irrigation management. Posted on 28 May, 2009 12:28 PM

The India-PES  initiative, was a collaborative effort undertaken on a pilot basis, by CISED and NIVA, for the development of integrated tools and consulting s

Hydrology and water allocation in Malaprabha - comprehensive database and integrated hydro economic model for selected water services in the Malaprabha river basin
The study found that during the dry season extensive irrigation extraction in some zone resulted in drastic reduction in the inflow to Malaprabha reservoir Posted on 28 May, 2009 10:26 AM

 malaprabhaThis study by CISED and NIVA aimed at the development of a comprehensive database on the status of water sector and the development of integrated hydro economic model for selected water services in the study area of the Malaprabha basin. The study focused on exploring the feasibility of Payment for Watershed Services (PWS) to improve the water availability through a detailed analysis of the historic hydrologic data and development of a framework of hydrologic and water allocation model. A hydro-allocation model was developed using the software - ArcView SWAT (AVSWAT) and MIKE-BASIN models.

Integrated river basin modeling framework to support payments for watershed services by Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA)
The report presents a review of the hydrological and water allocation models and an evaluation of their ability to support PES-analysis (payment for environmental services) in Malaprabha river basin Posted on 28 May, 2009 10:07 AM

Integrated Modelling This report by NIVA and CISED has been prepared as part of the India-PES initiative, which was a collaborative effort undertaken on a pilot basis, by CISED and NIVA, for the development of integrated tools and consulting services for Watershed Management and 'Payments for Environmental Services' (PES) in India. Tools and methodologies developed as part of this initiative were tested in the Malaprabha river basin in the state of Karnataka, and the PES implementation was focussed on Participatory Irrigation Management.

Wake up call on reservoir siltation nationwide
Storage capacities of the reservoirs have been dropping and the loss is alarming; what's worse, little is being to done to stop the wastage Posted on 28 May, 2009 09:30 AM

"Wake up call on reservoir siltation nationwide", is a note by Himanshu Thakkar & Swarup Bhattacharyya, written in October 2006, on how storage capacities of the reservoirs have been dropping at an alarming rate, and how little is being to done to stop the wastage.

Concurrent monitoring of the world's largest drinking water pipeline project - A study of Narmada based project in Gujarat
The report provides comprehensive review of Narmada project and scope to improve the performance of the project by reorienting the state policy for drinking water Posted on 27 May, 2009 02:56 PM

This report presents the findings of a study done by Pravah on the concurrent monitoring of the world's largest drinking water pipeline project, the Narmada project, which is supposed to cover 9633 villages an 131 towns of Saurashtra, Kutch and parts of North Gujarat.

Corporate initiative 'Project Boond' by Bharat Petroleum and the Bridge Charitable Trust , Thane district , Maharashtra (2007)
Project Boond aims to make the seasonally water-scarce tribal region of western ghats water sufficient by repairing wells and constructing bunds Posted on 25 May, 2009 10:46 AM

This presentation describes Bharat Petroleum's 'Project Boond', funded by the Oil Industry Development Board and with

Ramsar convention: the convention on wetlands, 1971
Read about the convention on wetlands, signed in Ramsar, Iran, in 1971 Posted on 22 May, 2009 03:30 PM

The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, called the Ramsar convention, is an intergovernmental treaty that provides the framework for national action and international cooperation for the conservation and wise use of wetlands and their resources.  

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