Rivers

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November 25, 2022 These maps at the watershed scales have been made to not only ensure inclusion of different freshwater ecosystems, their connectivity and hydrological processes, but can also provide a spatial context for conservation decisions.
A stream at Anini, Arunachal Pradesh (Image Source: Roshni Arora)
October 30, 2022 This book by Dr. Mitul Baruah presents a fascinating, ethnographic account of the challenges faced by communities living in Majuli, India, one of the largest river islands in the world, which has experienced immense socio-environmental transformations over the years, processes that are emblematic of the Brahmaputra Valley as a whole. This is an excerpt from the book.
Floods are recurrent phenomena in Assam (Image: Mitul Baruah)
October 11, 2022 In an effort to inform the general public, especially citizen activists, policymakers, researchers, and students, about the current status of the Vrishabhavathi river, Paani.Earth has created the necessary maps, data, analysis, and information to drive conservation awareness and action around the river.
Vrishabhavathi river (Image Source: Paani.Earth)
October 6, 2022 Rapid urbanisation and faulty land use policies are rapidly destroying forests, grasslands and wetlands in Jammu and Kashmir, India and the ecosystem value services they provide. Can these valuable ecosystems be saved?
Deteriorating ecosystems of Jammu and Kashmir, India (Image Source: tkohli at Flickr via Wikimedia Commons)
September 5, 2022 In an attempt to present a perspective on how rivers are used and abused, a map of the Bengaluru rivers illustrate how waste flows through natural river corridors, polluting the rivers and altering their status.
Vrishabhavathi river flow at Thagachguppe Bridge, Kumbalgodu (Image Source: Paani.Earth)
August 11, 2022 This could lead to water quality crisis reinforcing the need for basin-specific management strategies
Around the world, more than a fifth of nitrogen released by human activity ends up in aquatic ecosystems (Image: Wikimedia Commons)
Single column hydrologic simulation using SHE models - A research report by National Institute of Hydrology
The article is about the European Hydrological System which is physically based distributed model and helps in understanding the importance of evaporation data and soil parameters. Posted on 27 Jun, 2010 10:31 PM

The Systems Hydrologique European – European Hydrological System (SHE) is a physically based distributed model and it provides a useful setup for understanding the importance of evaporation data and soil parameters. 

In this study, single column hydrologic simulations have been carried out for examining the sensitivity of this model to pan evaporation data of the various stations as well as the increase in conductivity of the unsaturated zone. Furthermore, the reduction in the value of exponent appearing in the Averjanov’s formula and reduction in the values of moisture content at wilting point and residual water content has been studied for a single grid of 2 km X 2 km size of the Narmada river.

Effect of channel characteristics on flood wave propagation - A research report by National Institute of Hydrology
This study attempts to explain flood wave propagation in natural and artificial channels within the perspective of site-specific rating curve. Posted on 27 Jun, 2010 08:06 PM

The study attempts to explain flood wave propagation in natural and artificial channels within the perspective of site-specific rating curve. The study looks at the impacts of channel characteristics – bed slope, flood plains, channel shape, expansion-contraction combination, inactive storage, Manning’s roughness, expansion and contraction on flood wave propagation.

Catchment modeling in a Geographical Information Systems environment - A research report by National Institute of Hydrology
The report develops rainfall-runoff modeling for simulating and forecasting the flow from a catchment, and in determining the inflow series for the ungauged catchments. Posted on 27 Jun, 2010 08:32 AM

The report develops rainfall-runoff modeling for simulating and forecasting the flow from a catchment, and in determining the inflow series for the ungauged catchments on the basis of records of gauged catchments.

Because of the scarcity of data, mostly lumped models have been used to model the rainfall-runoff process in a catchment. However distributed models are more accurate and need to be adopted for modeling the complex processes at the scale of basins.

Modeling of flow in the canal due to breach of bank - A research report by National Institute of Hydrology
The study develops the wavelet element method for hydrological application purposes in general and modeling of flow in a canal due to breach of bank because of rainfall and cyclones. Posted on 27 Jun, 2010 12:15 AM

The study develops the wavelet element method for hydrological application purposes in general and modeling of flow in a canal due to breach of bank in particular. Due to high seasonal variability of rainfall and cyclones in coastal India, flood discharges cause frequent breaching of canals.

Canal breach modeling is of great significance in open channel hydraulics. The study of breach of a canal is a relatively new one as compared to dam breach, which is a well researched field. The analysis of the problem is complicated due to dynamics of flow within the canal. The limitations of the above model due to the one-dimensional model analysis of the problem is hoped to be overcome in two or three dimensional analysis.

Rainfall-runoff modeling in Baitarni river upto Anandpur using HEC-1 model - A research report by National Institute of Hydrology
The study applies a hydraulic simulation model, Hydrologic Engineering Centre (HEC-1) to Baitarni river for modelling hourly flows of the river at Anandapur gauging site. Posted on 26 Jun, 2010 11:53 PM

The study applies a hydraulic simulation model, Hydrologic Engineering Centre (HEC-1) to Baitarni river for modeling hourly flows of the river at Anandapur gauging site. HEC-1 model had been developed by US Army Corps of Engineers, for rainfall-runoff modeling. It provides a powerful automatic optimization technique for estimation of some of the parameters. The optimization technique of the model has been utilized in the present study and model parameters have been calibrated and validated for the study area.

Flood control regulation of a multi-reservoir system - A research report by National Institute of Hydrology
The report describes the software, which has been developed for flood control regulation of a system of reservoirs. Posted on 26 Jun, 2010 01:41 PM

The report describes the software, which has been developed for flood control regulation of a system of reservoirs. The reservoirs can be gated or ungated, and the system can have any combination including weirs and diversions. For operation of reservoirs, the scenario has been divided into two categories depending on the reservoir level and inflows - normal operation and emergency operation.

The input data requirements of the software are modest. This software along with previously developed software for conservation operation would provide a complete set of tools to analyze any system configuration for the range of purposes for which reservoirs are commonly built in India.

Long term hydrologic simulation using SCS-CN method - A research report by National Institute of Hydrology
The report uses the Soil Conservation Services (SCS, 1956), Curve Number (SCS-CN) method, for simulating daily rainfall-runoff data of three catchments, viz., Ramganga, Hemavathi and Sabarmati. Posted on 26 Jun, 2010 11:40 AM

The report uses the Soil Conservation Services (SCS, 1956), Curve Number (SCS-CN) method, a widely used event based rainfall-runoff method for simulating daily rainfall-runoff data of three catchments, viz., Ramganga and Hemavathi catchments of the sub-humid regions and Sabarmati catchment of the arid region of India.

In the model formulation, the daily variation of parameter, potential maximum retention is governed by the known antecedent moisture condition. Hydrologic simulation studies provide a useful and important input to water resources planning and watershed management practices.

Methodology for water availability computations under different availability scenarios - A research report by National Institute of Hydrology
The report discusses the water availability computations under different data availability scenarios Posted on 25 Jun, 2010 10:56 PM

The report discusses the water availability computations under different data availability scenarios. Water availability generally refers to the volume of water available from the basin or stream at a particular point over a specified period of time. Volumetric relationship is reflected between rainfall and runoff. Many factors like climatic and basin characteristics affect the water availability of a basin. Time and space distribution of rainfall, its intensity and duration, surface vegetation, soil moisture, soil characteristics, topography and drainage network are some of the important factors.

Application of Geomorphological Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph and Geographical Information Systems based approach for flood estimation – A research report by National Institute of Hydrology
The study attempts to apply Geomorphological Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (GIUH) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) based approach for flood estimation Posted on 25 Jun, 2010 10:33 PM

The study attempts to apply Geomorphological Instantaneous Unit Hydrograph (GIUH) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) based approach for flood estimation. The design storm data of four catchments along with morphological characteristics have been considered. The geomorphological parameters and time area diagrams for each of the dam catchments were generated using the GIS package, Integrated Land and Water Information Systems (ILWIS).

The geomorphological parameters together with the time-area diagram forms an important input for the GIUH based Clark model. This model has been applied for deriving the instantaneous unit hydrograph and thereby to estimate the design flood in four dam catchments located in Luni and Chambal basins in Rajasthan viz. Jawai, Sei, Gamabhiri and Alnia. A review of the previous studies carried out using GIUH approach has been presented. Furthermore, a review of studies carried out using GIS techniques is also provided.

Hydrological inventory of river basins in Uttar Pradesh - A research report by National Institute of Hydrology
The hydrological inventory of Ganga basin provides information regarding availability of hydrological data and highlights major hydrological problems of the basins. Posted on 25 Jun, 2010 05:47 PM

The hydrological inventory of Ganga basin provides information regarding availability of hydrological data and highlights major hydrological problems of the basins. The information is a useful input in water resources planning, management and research activities.

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