Contamination, Pollution and Quality

Featured Articles
December 16, 2022 In this article, we will understand how the WQM course is continuing to influence the needs of learners that come from diverse backgrounds. The course model also offers core insights to many others who would like to engage in a virtual training program.
During a WQM course, a field team member from INREM facilitating a demonstration
September 9, 2022 Highlights from a new report released by iFOREST
An old coal-fired power plant has been dumping vast quantities of ash out in the open for many years. (Image: Lundrim Aliu/ World Bank; CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
September 5, 2022 In an attempt to present a perspective on how rivers are used and abused, a map of the Bengaluru rivers illustrate how waste flows through natural river corridors, polluting the rivers and altering their status.
Vrishabhavathi river flow at Thagachguppe Bridge, Kumbalgodu (Image Source: Paani.Earth)
August 27, 2022 Study looks at microplastic types in lakes of Ladakh
(Vinay Goel, Wikimedia Commons)
August 19, 2022 Better access to clean water coupled with health education to bring about changes in behaviour are critical to prevent exposure to dangerous cholera bacteria that lurk in untreated waters.
The hidden threat of cholera in India (Image Source: IWP Flickr photos)
August 11, 2022 This could lead to water quality crisis reinforcing the need for basin-specific management strategies
Around the world, more than a fifth of nitrogen released by human activity ends up in aquatic ecosystems (Image: Wikimedia Commons)
Nitrate/nitrite toxicity - case studies in environmental medicine by agency for toxic substances and disease registry (ATSDR)
The case study discusses the problem of nitrate/nitrite toxicity and helps in promotion of medical practices that aid in evaluation and care of potentially exposed patients Posted on 19 May, 2009 11:07 AM

This manual is a self-instructional publication of the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR), as part of its case studies in environmental medicine series. 

Crippling fluorosis in Assam - a study from Jadhavpur University in Current Science
An estimated 62 million people in India in 17 out of 32 states are affected with dental, skeletal / or non-skeletal fluorosis Posted on 18 May, 2009 04:57 PM

This document published in Current Science includes a study from Jadhavpur University on the incidence of flourosis in Assam. The first case of endemic fluorosis in humans from India was reported by Short et al. from Prakasam district of Andhra Pradesh in 1937. In 1950 only our states in India - Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh were identified with people suffering from fluorosis.

Villages in Maharashtra adopts best practices for groundwater and water quality improvement
The documents describe best practices like source protection, rainfall measurement, storage of quality water and small measures taken to protect water Posted on 18 May, 2009 04:36 PM

The two documents describe five case studies that highlight some successes and best practices from the Water Supply and Sanitation Department, Government of Maharashtra.

Improving health through clean water innovations- a presentation by Aquaya Institute, Indonesia
New technologies and approaches for water treatment to improve health and increase economic opportunity Posted on 18 May, 2009 04:29 PM

Some new technologies and approaches for improving health through clean water - the work of the Aquaya Institute.
View Slideshow (0.8MB) Part 1 | Part 2

Integrated and sustainable rural water management for improving water quality in Mewat, Haryana
The paper touches on key elements of sustainability pertaining to rural water management, but with greater focus on improving technical sustainability of the infrastructure, through innovations Posted on 18 May, 2009 04:06 PM

This paper published by the Sehgal Foundation presents a case

Stakeholders come together to halt pollution in Khari river, Ahmedabad - a paper in Economic and Political Weekly (2006)
The paper describes the efforts made to reduce pollution in river Khari, Gujarat, contaminated due to discharge of industrial effluents Posted on 18 May, 2009 03:55 PM

This paper published in the Economic and Political Weekly describes the case of river Khari in Gujarat, which faced increasing amount of pollution due to the discharge of industrial effluents in the river and the efforts made  to solve the pollution problem.

The phenomenon of pollution started in the 1970s when Naroda, Odhav, Vatva and Narol on the eastern periphery of Ahmedabad city were promoted by the government. While there were zones for industries according to the type of waste generated, environmental considerations were overlooked and no provision was made for the safe disposal of industrial effluents. Most of the factories in the industrial estates were water intensive and all of them discharged effluents into the nearby Kharicut canal, which flows into the Khari river, a tributary of the Sabarmati. As the canal remained dry throughout the year, the government ignored its (mis)use.

Legislations on environment, forests, and wildlife by Ministry of Environment and Forests
Ministry of Environment and Forests provides legislations on water pollution, air pollution, environmental protection, animal welfare, wildlife, forest conservation, biodiversity, etc. Posted on 18 May, 2009 11:09 AM

This site by the Ministry of Environment and Forests provides the list of legislations on environment, forests, and wildlife

Policies and Legislative Framework for wastewater management (1974-1986)
The article gives a brief account for the acts that were passed to protect water and environment from the year 1974 to 1986 Posted on 18 May, 2009 11:04 AM

Legislation on waste/pollution control took into account not only the generators of waste but also the receiving environments. Limits were laid down in terms of standards for effluent or emission. Depending on the type of waste generator, there were specified limits for volume of waste and  characteristics of waste.

Study of Tirupur textile industry cluster - effluent load, disposal practices and possible options
The study collects data on effluent load, studies current treatment and disposal practices and reviews the available technology options adopted for reduction of pollution Posted on 16 May, 2009 02:55 PM

The objectives of the case study by TIDE supported by Arghyam on the Tirupur textile industry cluster included:

Water quality and environment standards and categories of most polluting industries from Central Pollution Control Board
Central Pollution Control Board website provides standards of water quality parameters, more than 40 industry–specific effluent standards and list of 17 most polluting industries in india Posted on 16 May, 2009 01:42 PM

Water quality standard sectiion

The water quality standards section on the site of the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), contains data on limits/standards of various indicative water quality parameters, such as coliform, pH, dissolved solids, bod etc, for each designated water use (drinking, bathing etc).

Read the standards and also view this file for water quality and drinking water quality standards from www.groundwatertnpwd.org.in

Monitoring of Indian National Aquatic Resource: This article on the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) website, contains graphs indicating the water-source wise national water quality monitoring network data, water quality trend across different parameters (bod, coliform etc), and water quality trend (measured in terms of bod) in various rivers of India.

View the graphs

Environmental standards section

The environmental standards section of the Central Pollution Control Board website, contains more than 40 industry–specific effluent standards, ranging from battery manufacturing to thermal power plants.
Read the industry–specific standards
Under the same section, read through some of the more recently–notified industry– specific standards and some proposed industry–specific standards here
The CPCB is a national body formed to promote cleanliness of streams and wells in the country by prevention, control and abatement of water pollution, and to improve the quality of air and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the country.
For more info, click here

17 most polluting industries in India

This site provides information on the list of 17 most polluting industries, identified by the Central Pollution Control Board (Ministry of Environment and Forests). The site provides information on the following sections:

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