Research Papers

Poisoned waters: Which Indian rivers contain trace and toxic metals?
The Central Water Commission studied 355 water quality stations and 32 gauge stations covering all river basins in the country. Only mercury and zinc levels were within BIS acceptable standards. Posted on 12 Jul, 2015 04:36 PM

Contamination of surface water sources such as rivers due to metals, can often make the water dangerous to drink because of the health hazards associated with consuming toxic metals. The report titled 'Status of trace and toxic metals in Indian rivers' published by the

Poisoned waters cause many health risks
Integrated watershed management and public health
According to this study, implementing a watershed management programme in water scarce areas can lead to both improved water availability and health outcomes. Posted on 09 Jul, 2015 07:37 AM

Declining groundwater levels and increasing stress on water resources in rural areas in India is a major concern for development since the livelihoods of a majority of the rural population depends on agriculture and the availability of sustainable water resources. More productive use of rainwater is necessary to help mitigate the impact of water scarcity.

Velvety green mountains, catchment areas for the Khadakwasla dam near Pune
Solar irrigation pumps: A boon and bane
Karnataka's Surya Raitha scheme provides farmers with cash income for “growing” solar energy as a remunerative cash crop, to prevent overusing solar powered pumps for groundwater extraction. Posted on 03 Jul, 2015 09:26 PM

Solar energy, which was until now only considered for small scale lighting is now slowly gaining tremendous popularity among farmers to pump irrigation water. The paper titled 'Karnataka’s smart, new solar pump policy for irrigation' published in the

Solar power use in a Tamil Nadu farm (Source: Wikimedia Commons)
Can MGNREGA come to the rescue of rainfed agriculture?
With water harvesting, conservation, drought proofing & renovation of traditional water bodies as core activities, MGNREGA has the potential to improve rainfed agriculture in India. Posted on 30 Jun, 2015 10:29 PM

The National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA), which continues to be the largest public employment program involving Rs.34,600 crore in a period of just five years since its implementation, was enacted on August 25, 2005 and renamed as the

The future of rainfed agriculture in India
The link between climate change, drought and migration in Chhattisgarh explained
Erratic rainfall is forcing farmers to migrate to urban areas but officials under-report drought-induced migration due to the fear that this would be viewed as a failure of government mechanisms. Posted on 29 Jun, 2015 09:59 AM

Climate change has resulted in drastic seasonal fluctuations leading to erratic rainfalls and prolonged droughts in India. This has been posing an increasing threat to the agriculture and food security of the country, with increasing stress on rural livelihoods and resources such as land, soil, water and forests.

Climate change, poor rainfall and drought (Source: Wikimedia Commons)
Poisoned by water
Endosulfan, a harmful pesticide, is banned in Kerala but other such chemicals continue to be used. Groundwater contamination leading to unsafe water supply is but one of its consequences. Posted on 18 Jun, 2015 10:31 AM

Endosulfan, a pesticide, has been banned in Kerala after its adverse effects were first realised in 1981.

Farmer spraying pesticide (Source: Wikimedia Commons)
Chennai fisherfolk explain the connection between climate, oceanographic factors and fish catch
Understanding how fishing communities cope with and adapt fisheries to climate change can be useful to develop broader adaptation strategies. Posted on 15 Jun, 2015 09:33 AM

Climate change could have a strong impact on fisheries with far-reaching consequences on food and livelihoods of populations. It is likely to have a major impact on future marine fisheries production in India.

Fisherfolk and climate change
How can growing groundwater crisis be dealt with?
A regulatory framework that protects the resource and good practices of participatory groundwater management -- both essential features of groundwater governance -- are necessary to manage the crisis. Posted on 30 May, 2015 12:17 PM

India is highly dependant on groundwater.

Water, a scarce resource
Bangalore's water mafia explained!
Water mafias do not comprise only independent, small-scale players operating outside the state but also large-scale utility companies, which too operate through the water mafia and its strategies. Posted on 29 May, 2015 09:20 PM

Water tankers are a common sight in most Indian cities and so are tanker businesses that extract and deliver groundwater via trucks or tractors to hundreds of residential neighbourhoods at a negotiated price. Most of these are informal or unauthorised.

Who are the water mafia and how do they operate?

Private lorry tankers getting their fill
Does 24x7 water supply help reduce water storage or hoarding in urban areas?
A study at Hubli Dharwad found that there could be limits to how formal a city's water supply systems is. These depended on consumer habits, the history of a city’s water supply and infrastructure. Posted on 27 May, 2015 01:23 PM

Urban water supply can be classified into two categories -- formal and informal.  A formal system usually means piped delivery, at least partly treated, and regulated by a utility.

Water, a valuable resource (Source: Wikimedia Commons)
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