India

In this study, a two dimensional numerical model in the vertical plane for simulating miscible transport of saltwater in a coastal aquifer has been developed. In order to simulate the variable density flow, the governing partial differential equation of flow and solute transport has been written in terms of pressure and concentration respectively.

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DAI

Location: India
Last Date: July 15, 2010

Floods are common in most parts of India particularly during the monsoon season. Flood control and mitigation involves flood plain mapping, zoning, insuring and warning systems as floods cannot be avoided. These measures minimize damage and loss in terms of life and property. In this regard real-time data based decision supports systems (DSS) are crucial for effective flood management.

The Soil Conservation Services Curve Number (SCS-CN) method presented in this report has been applied to two large catchments in sub-humid regions of India and its performance evaluated. The variation of the curve number is examined and discussed and a critical evaluation of the employment of the single linear reservoir routing technique and linear regression technique presented.

This status report on "Hydrology of Arid Regions in India" compiles the scattered information on the subject. It is divided into nearly fourteen categories, covering sections like geology, rainfall, desertification of arid lands, position of groundwater in arid & semi-arid regions and dune landforms. 

The report attempts to provide solutions to the twin problems of waterlogging and salinity in the irrigated command area through various drainage or traditional reclamation measures viz controlling the intensity of irrigation, providing drainage system, lining, improving natural drainage, preventing seepage or adopting modern technology for application of water.

The report, a part of the regular work programme of the Flood Studies Division of the National Institute of Hydrology presents a literature review on modeling debris flow. Occurrence of debris flows is a common natural phenomenon and denotes the rapid flow of debris with sufficient water to disperse grains uniformly throughout the entire depth. Dam break flows, landslides and flows in a mountainous terrain are some of the examples.

The performance audit report of the Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP) for the period April 2002 to March 2007, conducted by the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG), reveals numerous deficiencies in execution and implementation of works such as cases of time and cost-overrun, non-completion & delayed completion of works, non-functional & defunct works, delayed completion & non-completion of water quality mission projects, incorrect prioritization of works, wasteful and unfruitful expenditure, and expenditure on unapproved items.

The report presents guidelines for hydrological investigations in a small watershed. A watershed is an individual entity, and is a naturally occurring unit of the landscape, which contains a complex array of interlinked and interdependent resources and activities irrespective of political boundaries. In addition, it is logical unit having readily identifiable boundaries and characteristics of water movement, which helps in coordinated planning and management.

The report deals with expert systems for unit hydrograph analysis, an emerging technology, which may in years to come, revolutionize professional activities in the field of surface water analysis and modeling. The literature review on the topic revealed the potential of application of expert system for unit hydrograph analysis. A prototype expert system has been developed for the selection of the most appropriate model for unit hydrograph derivation of a given catchment.